In one attempt at electromagnetic propulsion for spacecraft I used a stator less motor on an axle mounted on a delicate needle bearing.
Some time ago I built a stator less motor out of three spools of wire on a steel bolt. It was mounted on an axle and mostly built out of Lego parts but the axle had sewing needles at each end to reduce friction.
A stator less motor is just a motor that uses Earth as its permanent magnet (stator). As the electromagnet is powered it turns on the axis like a compass and points north and south. Then the polarity is reversed, in my case by an Arduino with a Relay Shield or separate relays or even a motor controller, so that it continues to turn in a circle. It is a motor.
Here is a similar model like the one I used in my electromagnetic propulsion experiment:
This stator less motor uses a photo cell and light for the governor to reverse polarity. It has to be pointed so that the semicircular piece of card stock that blocks the light from reaching the photocell turns just so the polarity reverses when the electromagnets are pointing north and south.
The two in phase electromagnets keep the armature spinning. The out of phase coil on the end transfers the momentum of the spinning armature through the axle to push the little model in one direction in the water.
This version of electromagnetic propulsion is very promising. My model needed a better version developed but did work. There were some setbacks due to the connections that I used to transfer the electricity to the armature and coils. I plan to make a better model of this in the not too distant future.
At any rate below is a video of this version in action. It can be seen to move towards the left of the screen. It is placed on a piece of Styrofoam and floated in water away from any magnetic or metal objects.
Check my Youtube.com channel for more videos.
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